Supervised learning is a machine learning technique. It requires a human to train a machine by giving it some data that pair off with desired results. It is distinguished from unsupervised learning, where the outcome of the process can be unpredictable or uncategorized by humans.
It’s like giving a child some photos with the names of people written on the back of each. Later you can ask the child to match the pictures with the correct names. Repeat this until the youngster is able to correctly match all the photos with the corresponding names. This is what supervised learning is about.
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